Coping with Disaster

Introduction:

This elementary school/middle school lesson plan offers teachers some tools for coping with the day after a disaster. Using students' previous knowledge as a starting point, they are guided to learn more about the people and places associated with the disaster so that they can better express their feelings and thoughts.

Note: This lesson was written immediately after the Space Shuttle Columbia exploded, but it can be adapted. Resources for the Haitian earthquake, including information, images, Jewish texts and Jewish organizations providing relief, can be accessed here.

Rationale:

The day of/after a disaster teachers are expected to be able to deal with the aftermath. Children are often scared and confused. This lesson is one way of using available resources to help your students cope.  

Materials:

1.    What We Know/What We Want to Know/What We Learned chart (below)

2. Pictures, headlines and articles about the disaster (from newspapers or the Internet)

3. Maps to identify the locations related to the disaster. For example, aerial maps of the United States where you could plot the planned route of the shuttle re-entry and/or world maps to discuss the hometowns of the astronauts. Atlases, wall maps and online maps will work (Google Maps is an excellent resource).

4. Names and photographs of people (e.g. astronauts and their families, NASA officials) and places involved in the disaster.

5.   A sample chart (see below) 

6. One empty chart per group.

7. Glue

Procedure:

1. Hand out What We Know/What We Want to Know/What We Learned chart (below) and ask students to complete the first and second columns.

2.   Distribute articles, pictures and headlines on desks.

3. Students should look at material to prepare for the discussion.

4. Divide students into discussion groups. They should use the following questions as a guide:

a) Where were you when this happened?
b) Who were you with?
c) What were you doing?
d) How did you find out?
e) Who did you talk to?
f) What did you do?
g) Who did you call?
h) Why?

5. Switch to whole class discussion. 

6. Map Activity (optional): Using the local/national/international maps, locate and mark the places in the news.

7. People/Name/Role Jigsaw Activity (optional): Divide students into groups and hand out People/Name/Role charts. Each group searches for information online or in newspapers and fills out the chart. Each astronaut should get a row. Students can cut out photos and paste them on. After completion, groups compare charts and add appropriate information.

8. Reflection: complete the What We Know/What We Want to Know/What We Learned chart.

9. Select a concluding activity:

a) Write a letter to the families of the victims expressing your feelings/concerns about what happened.

b) Create a class condolence book of notes/letters to send to familes or a relevant organization or embassy.

c) Go to an Internet site and submit a personal message.

d) Students brainstorm on how to raise funds for families of victims/survivors, vote and execute their plan.

Related Resources for Columbia Shuttle Tragedy

In Memory of Ilan Ramon - photographs - http://www.jr.co.il/pictures/israel/history/space.htm

Families remembered (Hebrew) - http://www.izkor.net/frames.cfm?page=main&lang=2

Kaddish by Shai Agnon

NASA - http://www.nasa.gov/

Jewish Virtual Library - http://www.us-israel.org/jsource/biography/Ilanramon.html

NASA Space Shuttle Columbia and her Crew - http://www.nasa.gov/columbia/home/index.html

Facts of Israel: Ilan Ramon celebrates Shabbat in space - http://www.factsofisrael.com/blog/archives/000510.html

Haiti Earthquake - Information and Images

The major newspapers cover the earthquake news, but it may be helpful to learn about Haiti in general.

World Atlas on Haiti - http://www.worldatlas.com/webimage/countrys/namerica/caribb/ht.htm

Wikipedia on Haiti - http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haiti

US Embassy of Haiti Website - http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haiti

USGS on Haitian earthquake - http://earthquake.usgs.gov/earthquakes/recenteqsww/Quakes/us2010rja6.php

New York Times Slide Show - http://www.nytimes.com/slideshow/2010/01/13/world/20100113-HAITIQUAKE_index.html

Washington Post Photo Gallery - http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/gallery/2010/01/12/GA2010011203712.html

Israel Sends Aid to Haiti - http://www.haaretz.com/hasen/spages/1142348.html

Virtual Jewish History Tour of Haiti - http://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/jsource/vjw/haiti.html

Edutopia on What You Can Do in Your Classroom to Help - http://www.edutopia.org/groups/edutopia-welcome-lounge/12213

Jewish Organizations Raising Money and Providing Relief for Haiti

American Joint Distribution Committee (JDC) Homepage - https://www.jdc.org/donation/donate.aspx

Union of Reform Judaism Relief - http://urj.org/socialaction/issues/relief/haiti

American Jewish Committee & IsrAID - https://www.kintera.org/site/c.ijITI2PHKoG/b.5719841/k.1795/AJC_Haiti_

American Jewish World Service - https://secure.ajws.org/site/Donation2?df_id=3460&3460.donation=form1

Bnai Brith International - http://www.bnaibrith.org/latest_news/Haiti11310.cfm

MAZON: A Jewish Response to Hunger - https://mazon.org/donate/?c=haiti

The United Synagogue of Conservative Judaism - http://www.razoo.com/story/Disaster-Relief-Fund-3

Jewish texts and Resources

Torah Reflections on Tsunamis, New Years and the Human Condition (Yaakov Bieler, sermon about saving lives, universalism, particularism)

Texts from Mishnah for Teaching about Disasters (Rabbinical Assembly, essay with texts)

Jewish Texts: Responses to Catastrophe (Jewish World Watch, text study)

G-d, How Can you Do This? (Chabad, Q & A)

Lessons to Be Learned from the Great Tsunami (Naphtali Hoff, Webquest with Jewish texts)

For Congregational Schools: Asian Earthquake Disaster - A Religious Response (Joanne Doades, tikkun olam lesson plan)

Jewish Sources on Chesed, Hunger, Tikkun Olam, Tzedakah (Areyvut)

Jewish Responses to Disaster (American Jewish World Service)

 

 

 

 


 

What We Know

What We Want to Find Out

What We Learned

 

 

 


 

 Chart for People/Name/Role activity

Source

Name

Role

Short Bio

Photo

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Kaddish from Shai Agnon (Hebrew)

קדיש על הרוגי ארץ ישראל/ ש"י עגנון

 

מלך בשר ודם שיוצא למלחמה על אויביו מוציא חיילותיו להרוג וליהרג ספק אוהב את חיילותיו ספק אינו אוהב את חיילותיו, ספק הם חשובים בעיניו ספק אינם חשובים בעיניו, ואפילו חשובים בעיניו חשובים בעיניו כמתים, שכל היוצא למלחמה מלאך המות כרוך בעקבותיו ומתלווה לו להרגו. פגע בו חץ או סייף או חרב או שאר מיני משחית ונהרג מעמידין אחר במקומו, ואין המלך מרגיש בחסרונו, שאומות העולם מרובים וגייסות שלהם מרובים. נהרג אחד מהם יש לו למלך הרבה כנגדו.

 

אבל מלכנו מלך מלכי המלכים הקדוש ברוך הוא מלך חפץ בחיים, אוהב שלום ורודף שלום ואוהב את ישראל עמו ובחר בנו מכל העמים, לא מפני שאנו מרובים חשק ה' בנו כי אנו המעט מכל העמים. ומתוך אהבתו שאוהב אותנו ואנו מעטים כל אחד ואחד מעמנו חשוב לפניו כליגיון שלם. לפי שאין לו הרבה להעמיד במקומנו. נפקד חס ושלום אחד מישראל באה פחת בלגיונותיו של המלך ובאה תשות כח כביכול במלכותו יתברך, שהרי מלכותו חסרה לגיון אחד מלגיונותיו ונתמעטה חס ושלום גדולתו יתברך.

 

לפיכך אנחנו מתפללין ואומרים אחר כל מת מישראל יתגדל ויתקדש שמיה רבא, יגדל כח השם ולא יביא תשות כח לפניו יתברך ויתקדש בעולמות שברא כרצונו, ולא נפחד על עצמנו אלא מהדר גאון קדושתו יתעלה וימליך מלכותיה שתתגלה ותראה מלכותו בשלימות ולא יתמעט ממנה חס ושלום, בחייכון וביומייכון ובחיי דכל בית ישראל במהרה ובזמן קרוב, שאם מלכותו גלויה בעולם- שלום בעולם וברכה בעולם ושירה בעולם ותשבחות הרבה בעולם ונחמה גדולה בעולם וישראל קדושים אהובים בעולם וגדולתו גדלה והולכת ומתרבה ואינה מתמעטת לעולם.

 

אם כך אנו מתפללים ואומרים אחר כל אדם שמת, קל וחומר על אחינו ואחיותינו הנאהבים והנעימים בני ציון היקרים הרוגי ארץ ישראל שנשפך דמם על כבוד שמו יתברך ועל עמו ועל ארצו ועל נחלתו. ולא זו בלבד אלא כל הדר בארץ ישראל הוא מלגיונו של מלך מלכי המלכים הקדוש ברוך הוא שהפקידו המלך שומר בפלטרין שלו. נהרג אחד מהלגיון שלו אין לו כביכול אחרים להעמיד במקומו.

 

לפיכך אחינו כל בית ישראל, כל המתאבלים באבל הזה, נכוון את ליבנו לאבינו שבשמים מלך ישראל וגואלו ונתפלל עלינו ועליו כביכול, יתגדל ויתקדש שמיה רבה בעלמא די ברא כרעותא וימליך מלכותיה ויצמח פורקניה ויקרב משיחיה. וכן כל הפרשה כולה. ונזכה ונחיה ונראה עין בעין, עושה שלום במרומיו הוא ברחמיו יעשה שלום עלינו ועל כל ישראל אמן.

 

When a king of flesh and blood goes to war against his enemies, he sends his soldiers to kill and to be killed. He may love his soldiers or he may not love them. He may have regard for them or he may not have regard for them. Even if he has regard for them, however, he regards them as dead, for the angel of death is close upon the heels of a man who goes to war, and accompanies him to kill him. When he is cut down and slain by an arrow or a sword or any of the instruments of destruction, another man is put in his place. The king does not feel that someone is missing. After all, the nations are many and their troops are many. If one of them is killed, the king has many replacements.

But our king, the King of Kings, the Holy one, Blessed Be He, wants life and loves peace and pursues peace and loves His people Israel. He chose us, and not because we are a large nation, for we are one of the smallest of nations. We are few, and owing to the love with which He loves us, each one of us is, for Him, an entire legion. He does not have many replacements for us. If one of us is missing, heaven forfend, then the king’s forces are diminished, with the consequence that His kingdom is weakened, as it were. One of His legions is gone and His greatness is lessened.

For this reason, it is our custom to recite the kaddish when a Jew dies. God’s Name will be magnified and sanctified in its power, so that there will be no loss of strength before Him...and sanctified so that we need not fear for ourselves, but only for the splendor and the pride of His Holiness.

If this is what we pray and what we say for every individual who dies, how much more shall we pray it and say it for our brothers and out sisters, the lovely and pleasant and dear children of Zion who were slain for the land of Israel, whose blood was spilled for the honor of His blessed name, for His people and His land of Israel and for His heritage! Indeed everyone who dwells in the land of Israel is one of the legions of the King of Kings, the Holy one, Blessed Be He, whom the King has appointed a watchman over His palace. When one of them is killed, He is bereft of others to put in his place.

And so my brothers in the house of Israel, all of you who mourn in this mourning, let us direct out hearts to our Father in Heaven, the King of Israel and its Redeemer, and pray for ourselves and for His, as it were: ‘Magnified and sanctified may His great Name be…”

- S. Y. Agnon, 1947. Translation by Leon Wieseltier, Kaddish (New York: Knopf, 1998)

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